2023 marks the 10th year of the Belt and Road initiative and its flagship project China-Pak Economic Corridor(CPEC). This landmark has been achieved at a time when countries across the world are facing difficulties to recover from the vulnerabilities of the COVID-19 pandemic, conflicts, climate change, unemployment, and depleting resources. However, despite these challenges and headwinds, trade between China and Pakistan has witnessed an increase with the new areas being explored especially in Agri-based products where sesame seed export surged by 50% on a year-on-year basis in 2022, seafood export grew by 40% in 2022 and Pakistan’s rice exports to China crossed the historical figure of one million tons. Overall, Pakistan’s export to China rose by over 35% from 2013 to 2022.
Under the Belt and Road Initiative in the past 10 years, 147 countries, accounting for two-thirds of the world’s population and 40 percent of global GDP have signed on to projects or indicated an interest in doing so and China’s investment in these countries has surpassed US$ 50 billion and Chinese Companies have set up 56 economic cooperation zones in over 20 countries, generating billions of US dollar of tax revenue and over 400,000 jobs.Similarly,Under China Pakistan Economic Corridor numerous road networks have been established creating rural-urban synergy and the SEZs on these road links are finding new means to attract investments, especially in the post-COVID-19 scenario. In Pakistan, the CPEC initiative has created over 100,000 opportunities for employment, 6000 MW of electricity with over 800 Kms of transmission lines, and over 510 KMs roads creating rural-urban synergy and regional connectivity. It has helped Pakistan develop its Blue economy through Gwadar port and its connectivity with the hinterland through the western route and the rest of the world through the upcoming Gwadar airport which is being constructed with a Chinese grant of $230 million and will be completed this year. The connectivity through optical fiber and through transmission lines is also helping Pakistan achieve the development targets for having an endogenous mechanism for sustainable economic growth. The CPEC projects are helping create favorable conditions for development, and broadening extensive consultation for the harmonizing policy with the view of “seeking a common ground”.
Overall, The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is the true manifestation of regional connectivity with the vision of improving people’s lives by facilitating inclusive development and enabling mutual prosperity; thereby creating new markets, scaling up supply chains, removing bottlenecks for holistic development, ensuring energy security and creating millions of jobs for people in the region. Moving forward, Pakistan is trying to further improve the economic connections between the two nations and looks to Chinese FDI and industrial help for a road toward stability.
To benefit from all this, and moving forward in CPEC 2.0, Pakistan needs to prepare well as conventional wisdom may not come into play and novel ideas led by technology may help address these challenges to attract investment flow. Importantly, Pakistan also has to accelerate SEZs development and attract investments in agriculture, Blue economy,and technology includingcarrying out targeted reforms designed on economic rationale rather than political agendas to improve the business climate through the ongoing regulatory reform and to raise awareness of existing investment opportunities, remove bottlenecks, overcome negative perceptions and reduce information gaps while also focusing on existing investors and their concerns, especially in the energy sector. We also need to explore the opportunities in the CPEC long-term plan for supporting Pakistan’s economic stability for which understanding the preconditions for investment is imperative including a strong rule of law to address major systemic disparities more effectively, as the absence of any of these critical aspects can hinder investment and enhancing the capacity of all stakeholders to provide Ease of doing business based on principles of good governance and absolute harmony are critical. A strong government role will also be required to closely monitor risks and initiate stimulus packages and improve productivity across connectivity and trade-related sectors. It is imperative that our vocational training centers and academic institutions are able to provide efficient and skilled manpower required to shoulder the task of transforming Pakistan into the future industrial and trans-shipment hub of the region for which the role of CPEC is becoming vital.
– The writer is a Projects Management specialist and is an Associate Professor at Bahria University and a Research Fellow at various institutions. He has served as a diplomat in China and has been a former CEO of KPBoIT & Project Director of the CPEC project at MoPDR. He can be reached at hdb4049@gmail.com
